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Aerodynamics - Wing Planforms
Read more about this topic in the Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight (Pages 20-22)

Effect of Wing Planform
Understanding the effects of different wing planforms is important when learning about wing performance and airplane flight characteristics. A planform is the shape of the wing as viewed from directly above and deals with airflow in three dimensions. Aspect ratio, taper ratio, and sweepback are factors in planform design that are very important to the overall aerodynamic characteristic of a wing.
Aspect ratio is the ratio of wing span to wing chord

Taper ratio can be either in planform or thickness, or both

Sweepback is the rearward slant of a wing, horizontal tail, or other airfoil surface

Elliptical Wing
Regular wing
Moderate taper wing
High taper wing
Pointed tip wing
Sweepback wing
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